Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from fruit fermentation. Most of the popular fruit for fermentation that wines use is grape. Wines are divided into five categories: white wines, red wines, rosé wines (pink wines), sweet wines and sparkling wines. In order to become a delicious wine, it has to go through several processes. The method of making wine are as follows:
1.Picking Grapes – Choose quality grapes, then wash and remove the dirt or stems of the grapes.
2.Grape Squeezer – Squeeze grapes by hand or a juicer to get grape juice. (Or in the past, feet used to crush/step on grapes)
3.Fermentation – Ferment juice with the addition of yeast in fermentation vessel. It takes about 2-4 weeks to ferment at a low temperature. The yeast converts sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
4.Sedimentation – When the fermentation process is complete, a sediment is formed at the bottom of the fermentation vessel. It is a sediment formed by dead yeast including pulp of grapes Therefore, the sediment must be separated from the wine by transferring the wine from one barrel to another. When the wine is taken, it removes the carbon dioxide produced by fermentation which is something you don’t want in red wine. This can be done by degassing, which uses a vacuum pump to connect a hose to a wine barrel that is covered with a rubber seal. Vacuum pump does suction the carbon dioxide out of the wine.
5.Curing – Once the carbon dioxide is removed from the wine and then aged, the red wine should be aged in oak barrels at a temperature not exceeding 20°C for at least 6 months to achieve a richer flavor, color and aroma.
6.Sludge Removal – Longer curing of the wine will lead to thickening of the sludge. Therefore, the pre-bottling sediment must be removed by fining or clarification of the wine. By adding some protein, it causes the sediment to settle to the bottom of the container. The wine was then transferred to another container.
7.Bottling – Bottling is the last step of the manufacturing process but it is an important step to be careful. Wine maker cleans and bottles the wine under least air exposure environment to ensure the wine quality. This is because the weather can change the flavor and color of a wine. After bottling, they can be sold immediately. Alternatively, some wines may be bottled and stored in the cellar for months or years to make the wine taste even better.
To be a perfect wine, there have been through many methods that and been careful every step of winemaking.
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